Computer software and technologyMost people now divides the computer into two parts. The first part is the hardware that is a physical device in the computer. And the second part is the computer software, hardware informing them about what to do and how to do it. Read the rest of this entry »
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Types of computers can be classified based on:
1. According to the Processed Data Types
*Analog computers; is a computer that works in parallel (analog) to process the continuous nature of data, data of physical quantities and figures (quantitative) as temparatur, air pressure, wind speed, current sound waves, etc.
Example: Amperemeter, Voltmeter, Barometer, Thermometer
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FUNCTIONS AND TYPES OF SYSTEM OPERATION
Each computer must have a name Operating System, where the operating system is working to do the job, such as sending Inputan entering via the keyboard, sending output to the screen display, maintaining files and directories to keep awake in storage, and of course controlling any additional devices such as disk drives, printers and other devices. Read the rest of this entry »
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Currently the term used to describe the memory data storage space that comes into the computer chip, and the storage itself is used to Read the rest of this entry »
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Computer Technology Development
It is undeniable that one of the main cause of the coming era of globalization faster than expected all parties are due to the rapid development of information technology. Implementation of the Internet, electronic commerce, electronic data interchange, virtual office, telemedicine, intranets, etc. has been through the physical boundaries between countries. Merger between computers with telecommunications technology has produced a revolution in the field of information systems. Data or information which in the past had to take days to be processed before it is sent to the other side of the world, can now be done in seconds.
Not much if one takes the logic of the IBM experts in automotive development as follows:, Äúseandainya automotive world sepesat progress of information technology, has now produced a diesel-fueled cars, which can be driven to maximum speed of 10.000 km / h, with purchase price only about 1 U.S. dollar!, Au. In the micro, there are enough interesting things to learn, namely how the evolutionary development of existing information technology significantly affect the competition between companies in the world, especially those engaged in the service. Broadly speaking, there are four periods or the era of information systems development, starting from the first time computer discovery to the present. Fourth era (Cash et al, 1992) occurred not only because it is triggered by the development of such computer technology rapidly, but also supported by new theories of modern corporate management. Management experts and organizations such as Peter Drucker, Michael Hammer, Porter, highly colored view of the management of information technology in the modern era. Therefore understandable that many companies, especially in developing countries (third world), which is still difficult to adapt new theories of management, organizational, and information technology because there are factors attach local culture or behavior that affect local resources human. So no wonder the company is still often met with the most sophisticated computer equipment, but is still used as administrative tools that in fact the era of using the world’s first computer in the early 1960s.
Computerization This period began around the 1960s, when the mini-and mainframe computer companies like IBM introduced into the industrial world. The ability to calculate that so quickly cause a lot of companies that use them for purposes of data processing (data processing). Computer usage in this period aimed to increase efficiency, as proven for certain jobs, computer use much more efficient (in terms of time and cost) compared with employing dozens of human resources for the same. In that era, has not seen such an atmosphere of tight competition. The number of companies is still relatively small. Most of the big companies indirectly, Äúmemonopoli certain markets, because there is no meaningful competition. Almost all large companies engaged in infrastructure (electricity and telecommunications) and mining at the time to buy computer equipment to assist activities of daily administration. Organization needs the most time-consuming computer at the time was for back office administration, particularly those related to accounting and finance. On the other hand, the mainframe’s ability to perform complex calculations also used the company to help solve technical problems of operations, such as simulations of the calculation in the mining and manufacturing industries.
Information Technology
The progress of digital technologies combined with telecommunication has brought the computer into periods, Äúrevolusi, Au him. In the early 1970s, the technology PC or Personal Computer was introduced as an alternative to mini-computers. With a computer that can be placed on the desk (desktop), a manager or engineer can receive the data or information which have been processed by the computer (with nearly the same speed with the speed of mini-computers and even mainframes). Uses computers in the company not only to improve efficiency, but further to support the work process more effective. Unlike in the era of computerization where the computer only, private Äúmilik, Au Division of EDP (Electronic Data Processing)
company, in this second era of every individual in the organization can take advantage of the sophistication of computers, such as a database for processing, spreadsheets, and data processing (end-user computing). Computer usage among companies increasingly widespread, mainly supported by the nature of competition has changed from monompoli a free market. Indirectly, the company has been utilizing computer technology is very efficient and effective than companies that some process is still managed manually. In this era of computers into a new phase, namely as a facility that can provide competitive advantage for companies, especially those engaged in the service or services.
Management theories of modern organizations intensively introduced in the early 1980s. One theory is the most studied and applied is about the management of change (change management). Almost in every frame of change management theories emphasized the importance of information technology as one of the main components that must be considered by companies that want to win in business competition. Unlike in previous eras more emphasis on the technology element, in this era of change management that more emphasis is information systems, where computers and information technology is a component of the system. The key to the success of companies in the era of the 1980s is the creation and mastery of information quickly and accurately. Information on the company as analogous to the circulation of blood in human blood that must always flow with the regular, quick, constantly, to places that need it (strategic). Emphasized by some management experts, that the company which controls informasilah that have a competitive advantage in the macro environment, Äúregulated free market, Au. Within this period, the change philosophically from traditional companies to the modern enterprise management lies in how to look at the key corporate performance. Traditional organizations look at the structure of the company as a key performance measurement, so that all measured based hierarchical divisions or departments. In modern organizational theory, in which free competition has led to customers must be clever-clever choosing a variety of products on the market, the product creation process, or service (providing services) to customers is the key to the company’s performance. This situation is often associated with terms such as management, driven Äúmarket, Au or, Äúcustomer base company, Au is essentially the same, namely the company’s performance will be judged by the satisfaction of customers. Very clear in the new format of this competition, the role of computers and information technology, combined with other components such as processes, procedures, organizational structure, human resources, corporate culture, management, and other related components, in forming a good information system, is one key strategic organizational success.
No doubt that customer satisfaction is the quality of service. Basically, a customer in choosing a product or service they need, will look for companies that sell products or services: cheaper (cheaper), better (better), and faster (faster). This is where the role of information systems as a key component in giving the company a competitive advantage. Therefore, the key to the company’s performance is the process that occurs both within the company (back office) or directly overlap with customers (front office). By focusing on the creation process (business process) is efficient, effective, and well controlled with a company will have a reliable performance. No wonder that in the era of the 1980s until the early 1990s many companies looking to conduct BPR (BusinessProcess Reengineering), re-structuring, implementation of ISO-9000, TQM implementation, installation and use of corporate information systems (SAP, Oracle, Baan), and so forth. Utilization of information technology was very dominating in any change management program that made companies
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PART OF THE FUNCTION ON COMPUTER
Every part of the computer has a different task, such as a car that has a different task on each part, each part works to do each task. By knowing the duty of every part of the computer, we will be much easier to find and resolve problems that arise on the computer.
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